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The Complex Interplay between Imbalanced Mitochondrial Dynamics and Metabolic Disorders in Type 2 Diabetes

Tin Van Huynh1, 2, Lekha Rethi3, 4, Lekshmi Rethi4, Chih-Hwa Chen3, 5, 6, Yi-Jen Chen7, 8, Yu-Hsun Kao7, 9
  1. International Ph.D. Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
  2. Department of Interventional Cardiology, Thong Nhat Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
  3. School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
  4. International Ph.D. Program for Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
  5. Department of Orthopedics, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan
  6. School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
  7. Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
  8. Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
  9. Department of Medical Education and Research, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
Tải PDF
Đã xuất bản: 23 April 2023

Tạp chí: MDPI AG

ISSN: 2073-4409

Tập: 12

Số xuất bản: 9
Loại nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu Quốc tế
DOI: 10.3390/cells12091223

Tóm Tắt

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a global burden, with an increasing number of people affected and increasing treatment costs. The advances in research and guidelines improve the management of blood glucose and related diseases, but T2DM and its complications are still a big challenge in clinical practice. T2DM is a metabolic disorder in which insulin signaling is impaired from reaching its effectors. Mitochondria are the “powerhouses” that not only generate the energy as adenosine triphosphate (ATP) using pyruvate supplied from glucose, free fatty acid (FFA), and amino acids (AA) but also regulate multiple cellular processes such as calcium homeostasis, redox balance, and apoptosis. Mitochondrial dysfunction leads to various diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, metabolic disorders, and cancer. The mitochondria are highly dynamic in adjusting their functions according to cellular conditions. The shape, morphology, distribution, and number of mitochondria reflect their function through various processes, collectively known as mitochondrial dynamics, including mitochondrial fusion, fission, biogenesis, transport, and mitophagy. These processes determine the overall mitochondrial health and vitality. More evidence supports the idea that dysregulated mitochondrial dynamics play essential roles in the pathophysiology of insulin resistance, obesity, and T2DM, as well as imbalanced mitochondrial dynamics found in T2DM. This review updates and discusses mitochondrial dynamics and the complex interactions between it and metabolic disorders.

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Tải PDF
Đã xuất bản: 23 April 2023
Tạp chí: Cells
Nhà xuất bản: MDPI AG
ISSN: 2073-4409
Tập: 12
Số xuất bản: 9
Loại nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu Quốc tế
DOI: 10.3390/cells12091223

Trích dẫn bài viết này

Tin Van Huynh1, 2, Lekha Rethi3, 4, Lekshmi Rethi4, Chih-Hwa Chen3, 5, 6, Yi-Jen Chen7, 8, Yu-Hsun Kao7, 9. The Complex Interplay between Imbalanced Mitochondrial Dynamics and Metabolic Disorders in Type 2 Diabetes. Cells. 2023. 12 (9). doi:10.3390/cells12091223
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